Over recent years, the volume of research within the microbiota field has grown rapidly, as its connection to human health became clear. Although the capability to analyze the microbiome has expanded quickly, microbiome research remains a challenging task, given that human microbiota involves numerous species interacting either cooperatively or competitively. Better methods of microbiome sampling, identification, and interpretation are then required to provide statistical power for studies that need to cover hundreds of thousands of individuals to reveal subtle effects.